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“话语”(discourse)一词辗转于当代学术的不同学科中,使用普遍而又含义混杂。本文对其在文学研究领域的语义进行了梳理,比较了不同时代、不同思想和理论流派对“话语”的使用,及不同使用所带来的词义的扩展,并提炼出“形式主义—新批评—结构主义—后结构主义和解构主义”这一文学的“话语”发展线索。同时,本文还就一些对“话语”认识上的盲点进行了探讨,如如何理解汉语的“话语”和“discourse”等其它西文表达的关系,语言学、哲学和文学是如何互动着推进当代的话语思想,“话语”除解构之外还有怎样的社会功能等。
The term “discourse” has been used in different disciplines of contemporary scholarship, using a combination of general and mixed senses. This paper sorts out the semantics in the field of literary studies, compares the use of “discourse ” in different schools of thought and theory, and expands the semantic meaning brought by different uses, and extracts “formalism - New Criticism - Structuralism - Post-Structuralism and Deconstructionism ”Clue of this Literature “ Development Clues. At the same time, this article also discusses some of the blind spots on the ”discourse “ understanding, such as how to understand the relationship between Chinese ”discourse “ and ”discourse “ and other Western expressions, linguistics, philosophy and literature Is how to interact with the promotion of contemporary discourse thinking, ”discourse " in addition to the deconstruction also have what kind of social function.