人们关于孔子与孔学的种种论述、评议或谈论所涉及到的不外是三个层面的问题 :“实在的孔子”、“历史的孔子”和“符号的孔子”。其中后两者、特别是“符号的孔子”层面的问题最为复杂。我们只有在具体语境中 ,廓清人们谈论的层面及所涉及问题的性质 ,才能真正把握人们所谈问题的实质 ,并进入谈论者生存意识的核心地带 All the discussions, comments or discussions about Confucius and Confucianism are nothing more than three levels of questions: “real Confucius”, “historical Confucius” and “symbolic Confucius”. The latter two, especially the “symbolic Confucius” level, have the most complicated problems. Only in a concrete context can we really grasp the essence of the people’s problems and clarify the nature of the issues discussed and the nature of the issues involved and enter the core of the talker’s sense of existence