农村改革二十年的基本经验是： 第一，必须承认并充分保障农民的自主权，把调动广大农民的积极性作为制定农村政策的首要出发点。这是政治上正确对待农民和巩固工农联盟的重大问题，是农村经济和社会发展的根本保证。调动农民的积极性，核心是保障农民的物质利益，尊重农民的 The basic experience of two decades of rural reform is that first, we must recognize and fully guarantee the autonomy of peasants and take the initiative of mobilizing the vast number of peasants as the primary starting point for formulating rural policies. This is a major issue of treating the peasants politically and consolidating the alliance of workers and peasants, and is the fundamental guarantee for the economic and social development in rural areas. Mobilize the enthusiasm of peasants, the core is to protect the material interests of peasants, respect for peasants