目的　对儿童曲菌病的临床及诊断问题进行初步探讨。方法　对 1997～ 2 0 0 1年病理诊断曲菌感染的8例患儿进行回顾性分析。结果　 8例患儿中 3例死亡 ,死亡前未获确诊 ,经尸检证实 ;5例行活体组织检查确诊后 ,经抗真菌治疗临床治愈。结论　本病在儿童少见 ,缺乏典型临床症状 ,常在其他疾病的基础上继发 ,特别是血液系统肿瘤病人发生率高 ,鉴别诊断困难 ,而且病情凶险 ,发展迅速 ,病死率高 ,应当给予重视。 Objective To investigate the clinical and diagnostic problems of children aspergillosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 8 children with pathological diagnosis of aspergillosis from 1997 to 2001. Results Three of the eight children died without any definite diagnosis before death and confirmed by autopsy. Five patients were diagnosed by biopsy and cured by antifungal therapy. Conclusions This disease is rare in children and lacks typical clinical symptoms. It is often secondary to other diseases. In particular, the incidence of hematological malignancies is high, differential diagnosis is difficult, and the disease is dangerous, rapid and mortality is high. .