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目的:探讨了跆拳道运动员在动态威胁情景下视觉搜索的早期加工特征。方法:采用“专家-新手”范式,通过事件相关电位(ERP)技术,对跆拳道运动员和普通大学生(各15人)视觉搜索早期自动化加工阶段的P1、N1成分进行了考察。结果:1)专家运动员对动态威胁刺激的视觉搜索速度更快,效率更高;视觉加工早期阶段,专家组诱发的P1潜伏期和振幅、N1振幅较大。2)与静态威胁刺激相比,动态威胁刺激在大脑皮层诱发的P1、N1潜伏期更长。结论:跆拳道运动员在视觉搜索早期自动化加工阶段投入了更多的注意资源,表现出对威胁性刺激的注意定向加速;动态威胁刺激通过增加的信息量对跆拳道运动员视觉加工的早期阶段产生影响。
Objective: To explore the early processing characteristics of visual search of Taekwondo athletes in dynamic threat scenarios. Methods: The P1 and N1 components of early automated processing stage of visual search for Taekwondo athletes and ordinary college students (15 persons) were investigated by using “expert - novice” paradigm by means of event related potential (ERP) technique. Results: 1) The visual search of dynamic threat stimuli by expert athletes is faster and more efficient; in the early stage of visual processing, the latency and amplitude of P1 induced by the expert group are larger, and N1 amplitude is larger. 2) Compared with the static threat stimuli, the dynamic threat stimulus induces more latent period of P1 and N1 in the cerebral cortex. Conclusions: Taekwondo athletes devoted more attention to resources in the early stage of visual search and automated processing, which showed the attention-oriented acceleration of threatening stimuli. Dynamic threat stimuli influenced the early stages of visual processing of Taekwondo athletes through the increased amount of information.