一、概述随着全球一体化进程的加快和国际经济活动的日趋频繁以及供应链管理思想的兴起,现代港口特别是大型枢纽港的地位越来越突出,港口码头的运作和管理逐渐与整个交通运输和仓储配送的大链条融合在一起。作为开展现代物流服务的推进器与连接器,港口处于陆运和水运两大基本运输方式的连结点,现代客流、物流活动所要求的全过程、全方位系统跟踪管理已成为现代港口的主要服务内容, I. Overview With the acceleration of the process of global integration and the increasing frequency of international economic activities and the rise of the thought of supply chain management, the status of modern ports, especially large hub ports, has become more and more prominent. The operation and management of port terminals have been gradually linked with the entire traffic Transport and storage distribution of the big chain together. As a propeller and connector for modern logistics services, the port is at the connecting point of two basic modes of transport by land and water. The whole process required by modern passenger and logistics activities and comprehensive system tracking and management have become the main service contents of modern ports ,