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目的观察合成的螺金刚烷臭氧化物OZ78对日本血吸虫成虫所引起的超微结构变化。方法 10只小鼠每鼠感染40~60条日本血吸虫尾蚴,感染后35 d,取8只小鼠,每鼠口服单剂OZ78 400 mg/kg,治后24 h、3 d、7 d和14 d各剖杀2只小鼠,用灌注法收集血吸虫,并按常规方法固定和处置虫体,透射电镜观察。从另2只未治疗的感染小鼠体内取虫作对照。结果感染鼠经OZ78治后24 h,雌、雄虫皮层的明显变化是因细胞质突起肿胀致使体表平坦、远端细胞质突起不规则膨大伴有杆状和盘状分泌体减少、皮层基质局灶性溶解、一些细胞质突起融合成大片状、基底膜破裂或消失,感觉器内部结构受损。在皮层下,肌束无或呈轻度肿胀,并查见肌束局灶性溶解,而肌层下的皮层细胞示核肿大、部分核膜模糊和染色质局灶性溶解形成小空泡,在核周胞质内出现变性线粒体。实质组织的主要变化是线粒体变性,以及一些小空泡与髓鞘样结构的形成。肠上皮细胞的明显变化是细胞核的不规则肿大、核仁轻度溶解和部分双层核膜融合、细胞质中的线粒体变性和微绒毛破溃。此时雌虫卵黄细胞最明显的变化为许多卵黄滴破裂,卵黄球释出,继而溶解和融合。治后3~7 d,虫体受损的范围和程度加重。雄虫和雌虫的明显损害是细胞质突起的融合、受损细胞质突起剥落或破溃以致肌束显露、感觉器和皮层细胞的严重破坏、肌束局灶性或广泛肿胀和溶解、出现一些大片变性的实质组织和严重受损的肠上皮细胞。雌虫的卵黄细胞则示卵黄滴减少、细胞核局灶性溶解及卵黄细胞间实质组织的广泛溶解。经OZ78治后14 d,存活雌、雄虫的受损皮层和皮层下组织均有一些恢复,而大多数肠上皮细胞和卵黄细胞仍示有明显损害。结论OZ78对日本血吸虫成虫的皮层和皮层下组织,包括皮层细胞、实质组织、肠上皮细胞和卵黄细胞具有广泛的损害作用。
Objective To observe the ultrastructural changes of Schistosoma japonicum caused by OZ78, an ozonized spirogane. Methods Ten mice were infected with 40-60 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum at the age of 35 days. Eight mice were inoculated orally with single dose of OZ78 400 mg / kg orally for 24 h, 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after treatment d each killed 2 mice, collected by perfusion Schistosoma japonicum, and fixed by conventional methods and treatment of worms, transmission electron microscopy. Two other untreated infected mice were used as controls. Results 24 h after infection with OZ78, the obvious changes in the cortical layers of female and male were caused by swelling of the cytoplasm, flattening of body surface, irregular expansion of distal cytoplasm, reduction of rod-shaped and discoid secretion, Sexually soluble, some cytoplasmic processes fuse into large flakes, rupture or disappearance of the basement membrane, sensory internal structure damage. Under the cortex, the muscle bundles showed no or slight swollenness, and found focal lysis of the muscle bundles, while the cortical cells under the muscle layer showed nuclei enlargement, some of the nuclear membrane blurred and focal chromatin dissolved into small vacuoles , In the nuclear cytoplasm of degenerated mitochondria. The main changes in the parenchymal organization are mitochondrial degeneration, and the formation of small vacuoles and myelin-like structures. Significant changes in intestinal epithelial cells are irregular enlargement of the nucleus, slight nucleolus dissolution and partial bilayer nuclear fusion, mitochondrial degeneration in the cytoplasm, and microvilli rupture. At this point the most noticeable change in the female yolk cells is the rupture of many egg yolks, the release of yolk balls, and subsequent dissolution and fusion. 3 to 7 days after treatment, the extent and extent of damage to parasites aggravate. Significant damage to male and female is the fusion of cytoplasmic processes, which are exfoliated or ruptured by impaired cytoplasm, resulting in the appearance of muscle bundles, the severe destruction of sensory and cortical cells, focal or extensive muscle bundles, and the appearance of large tracts Denatured parenchymal tissue and severely damaged intestinal epithelial cells. The female yolk cells showed a decrease in egg yolk, focal lysis of the nucleus and extensive lysis of the parenchyma between the yolk cells. After 14 days of treatment with OZ78, the damaged cortex and subcortical tissue of surviving female and male had some recovery, while most intestinal epithelial cells and yolk cells still showed obvious damage. Conclusion OZ78 has extensive damage to the cortex and subcortical tissues of adult Schistosoma japonicum, including cortical cells, parenchyma, intestinal epithelial cells and yolk cells.