陶渊明、谢灵运二人作为中国古代山水田园诗的创始者 ,都是自然的最早讴歌者。他们也都是在两晋六朝玄学语境中建构自己的诗学话语。但由于各自出身与经历的不同 ,他们对玄学精神采取了不同的把握方式 ,表现于诗歌作品 ,也就形成了两种不同的风格 ,达到不同的境界。陶渊明一生酷爱山水 (还有酒 ) ,但他却未能成为山水诗的创始人 ,而且在他的作品中也几乎没有一篇是纯粹描写自然山水的 ,这正是因为自然山水对他而言并非“眼中之景”,而是“心中之景”,是生存环境 ,即“田园”;谢灵运能够成为山水诗的创始人 ,是因为自然山水在他眼中是审美客体 ,是描摹刻画的对象。“山水诗”与“田园诗”的区别根本上不是对象不同 ,而是态度不同 ,是进入对象的方式不同 Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun two people as the founder of ancient Chinese landscape poetry, are the earliest natural singer. They also constructed their poetic discourses in the metaphysical context of the Jin and Six Dynasties. However, due to their different origins and experiences, they take a different grasp of the metaphysical spirit, manifested in the works of poetry, also formed two different styles, reaching different realms. Tao Yuanming’s life-long love of landscape (and wine), but he failed to become the founder of landscape poetry, and in his works there is almost no pure description of natural landscapes, it is precisely because of the natural landscape for him It is not the “scene in the eyes” but the “scene in the heart”, which is the living environment, ie “pastoral”. Xie Lingyun can become the founder of the landscape poetry because the natural landscape is the object of his portrayal of aesthetics and portrayal. The difference between “landscape poetry” and “idyllic poetry” is basically not the difference of objects, but the difference of attitudes and the way of entering the objects