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我国北方,冬季的主要蔬菜是大白菜(Bras-sica pekinensis),它的品种很多,栽培地区很广。菜农对大白菜的栽培有着历代相传而积累的富丰经验;只是历年来由于软腐病的为害严重,使许多菜农不敢栽菜,例如山东潍坊市郊在二十年前完全栽种白菜,后来因软腐病关系已极少种植。一般菜农认为种白菜而烂去20%还算是好收成。根据我们从1950年以来连续5年在山东、河北、东北以及内蒙等地的调查,丰收年份如1953年,平均损失在5%以上。如果以北京郊区的栽菜面积为例,那末北京市郊7万亩的白菜按平均15%的损失估计,每年减产为1亿5千万斤,损失达300万元。
In northern China, the main vegetable in winter is Chinese cabbage (Bras-sica pekinensis), which has many varieties and has a wide range of cultivation areas. The cultivation of Chinese cabbage has rich Fufeng experience that has been passed down from generation to generation. Only because of the serious damage caused by the soft rot over the years, many vegetable growers are afraid to grow vegetables. For example, the Weifang suburbs in Shandong completely planted cabbage twenty years ago. Soft-rot relationships have grown infrequently. The general vegetable farmers think that cabbage rotten 20% is still a good harvest. According to our survey conducted in five consecutive years since 1950 in Shandong, Hebei, Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, the average harvest year in 1953 was above 5%. Taking the area of vegetables planted on the outskirts of Beijing as an example, the estimated 70,000 mu of cabbage in the suburbs of Beijing will be reduced by an average of 15%. The annual output will be reduced to 150 million jin and the loss will amount to 3 million yuan.