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目的研究较低剂量的石英对肺组织损伤的特点。方法对大鼠采用较低剂量的石英和石棉粉尘（每只１０ｍｇ）染尘后，测定两种粉尘在两个月内所致大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数、蛋白含量、总脂含量和乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）活性等毒性指标以及全肺胶原含量的变化，并观察肺组织的病理改变。结果石英可引起灌洗液中细胞总数、蛋白质含量、总脂含量和ＬＤＨ活性持续升高，全肺胶原含量持续增加；而石棉只引起细胞总数和ＬＤＨ在染尘后１０天的一过性升高，全肺胶原含量虽也逐渐增加，但不如石英明显。结论较低剂量的石英具有很强的肺毒性和致纤维化能力。
Objective To study the characteristics of lower dose of quartz on lung injury. Methods After the rats were exposed to dust with lower doses of quartz and asbestos dust (10 mg each), the total number of cells, the content of protein and the content of total lipids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of two kinds of dust in two months were measured And lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and other toxic indicators as well as the change of whole lung collagen content, and observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. Results Quartz could cause the total number of cells, protein content, total lipid content and LDH activity in lavage fluid continued to increase, and the content of collagen in the whole lung continued to increase. However, asbestos caused only a significant increase in the total number of cells and LDH ten days after exposure to dust High, the whole lung collagen content is also gradually increased, but not as obvious as quartz. Conclusions Lower doses of quartz have strong lung toxicity and fibrogenic capacity.