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完善的科研不端行为听证制度,能够保护科研人员的合法权益,保证客观公正地调查处理科研不端行为。西方国家逐步完善听证制度,并在调查处理科研不端行为过程中得到了有效的利用,我国尚没有对相关听证的程序、规则予以规定。本文简要回顾听证制度在国内外科研不端行为调查处理中应用现状,探讨听证制度应用于我国科研不端行为调查处理中的必要性,结合国家自然科学基金委员会监督委员会在调查处理科研不端行为中听证的实践,提出从制定完善听证规章、程序,明确听证形式、界定听证主持人权限、科学遴选听证代表以及完善听证监督机制等几个方面来完善我国科研不端行为听证制度。
A sound hearing system for scientific misconduct can protect the legitimate rights and interests of scientific researchers and ensure an objective and fair investigation and handling of scientific misconduct. Western countries gradually improve the hearing system, and in the process of investigating and handling scientific misconduct has been effectively utilized, our country has not yet provided for the hearing procedures, rules. This paper briefly reviews the application of the hearing system in the investigation and handling of scientific misconducts at home and abroad, and discusses the necessity of applying the hearing system in the investigation and handling of scientific misconducts in China. Combining with the NSFC's supervisory committee investigating the misconduct in scientific research, In the practice of hearing, this paper proposes to perfect the hearing system of scientific misconduct in China from several aspects such as establishing and improving rules and procedures for hearing, defining the form of hearing, defining the authority of hearing moderator, selecting hearing representative scientifically and perfecting hearing supervision mechanism.