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一发生在本世纪初的收回利权运动,是以争取收回被帝国主义掠占的铁路和矿山主权为其主要内容的。收回利权运动不仅收回了部分路矿主权,还促发了商办路矿的热潮。《东方杂志》1904年第10期时评:“空言争矿,究亦无补。今日之计,自以养实力为亟务。倘能招集商股请自开办,则成约可废,外人亦无所藉口。”在这种思想指导下,商办路矿的创设就与废约拒款、争回利权的斗争紧相伴随,并为之提供了有利的经济后盾。当时的商办路矿,归纳起来大致有两种情形。一是针对那些已被夺去而尚未收回的路矿,爱国人士即在当地设立公司,在力争废约的同时,筹款自办。例如四川江北厅的江合公司、山西的保晋矿务公司和浙江、福建、湖北、广东、江苏、湖南等省的商办铁路等等。另一种情形,是在外国资本有所觊觎但尚未掠去利权的地方,爱国人士为了“保利权”而抢先设立公司。例如江西的萍乡矿务总公司、江西全省铁路总
As early as the beginning of this century, the right to recover the rights movement was centered on the task of recovering the sovereignty of the railway and mines seized by imperialism. The right to recover the rights not only recovered some of the sovereignty of the road and mineral resources, but also stimulated the boom of the commercial banks. “Oriental Magazine,” No. 10, 1904 Commentary: “empty talk of the dispute, there is no study. Today’s plan, since the maintenance of solidarity is urgent. Excuse. ”Under the guidance of this kind of thinking, the establishment of Shangban Road Mine is accompanied by the struggle to abolish contracts and fight against profits, and provides a favorable economic backing. At that time, there were roughly two situations in Shangluo Road and Mine. First, for those who have been deprived of the mine has not yet recovered, patriotic who is set up in the local company, strive to abolish the same time, the fund-raising run. Such as Jianghe Company in Jiangbei Office of Sichuan Province, Baojin Mining Company in Shanxi Province and commercial railway in Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Hunan provinces. In another situation, where foreign capital has been tainted but not yet claimed, patriots have preempted the establishment of companies for the purpose of “protecting their rights.” For example, Pingxiang Mining Corporation in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Province, the total railway