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证人是诉讼活动的重要参与人,证人出不出庭接受控辩双方以及法官的询问对案件的实体公正与程序公正有着很大的影响。然而我国的证人出庭率非常低,在我国建立和完善刑事证人保护制度具有紧迫性。2012年3月14日,十一届人大五次会议对《刑事诉讼法》进行了第二次修正,自2013年1月1日起施行。最高人民法院于2012年12月24日公布了《关于适用〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法〉的解释》,2013年1月1日起与修改后的刑事诉讼法同步施行。此两项法律文件增加了对证人保护的内容,是我国刑事诉讼中证人保护制度的一大发展。本文将分析我国刑事证人保护制度的现状,结合国外先进的经验,并剖析我国立法与司法实践提出对我国刑事证人保护制度进行完善的建议。
Witness is an important participant in the litigation activities. The witness’s failure to appear before the court to accept the inquiry between the prosecutor and the defense and the judge has a great impact on the substantive fairness and procedural fairness of the case. However, the rate of appearance of witnesses in our country is very low. It is urgent to establish and improve the system of criminal witness protection in our country. March 14, 2012, the Fifth Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congress on the “Criminal Procedure Law,” a second amendment, effective January 1, 2013. On December 24, 2012, the Supreme People’s Court promulgated the Interpretations on the Application of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, starting from January 1, 2013, with the amended Criminal Procedure Law. The two legal documents increase the content of the protection of witnesses and represent a major development of the system of witness protection in criminal proceedings in our country. This article will analyze the status quo of China’s criminal witness protection system, combined with advanced foreign experience and analysis of China’s legislation and judicial practice put forward to improve our criminal witness protection system.