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胃肠道的特殊解剖部位和功能,决定其粘膜每时每刻都与各种微生物、非生物性抗原、毒素及大分子物质接触。胃肠道通过一系列特异性免疫机制和非特异性屏障功能阻止上述物质由肠腔通过肠粘膜进入体循环,以保持机体内部的稳定。任何原因破坏了胃肠道的防御功能(局部免疫缺陷),都可能使有害物质得以通过肠壁进入循环,产生胃肠道局部或全身性疾病。
The special anatomical site and function of the gastrointestinal tract determine that the mucosa is in contact with various microorganisms, non-biological antigens, toxins and macromolecules all the time. Gastrointestinal through a series of specific immune mechanisms and non-specific barrier function to prevent these substances from the intestine through the intestinal mucosa into the systemic circulation, in order to maintain the stability of the internal body. Any cause that disrupts the defense function of the gastrointestinal tract (local immunodeficiency) may allow harmful substances to enter the circulation through the intestinal wall, resulting in gastrointestinal local or systemic disease.