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目的分析上海市闵行区禽类接触人群甲型流感病毒抗体水平的变化情况,为进一步制定流感预防和控制措施提供依据。方法 2004年10月和2009年2月分别对闵行区禽类养殖、屠宰销售人群和一般人群采集血清,检测H1、H3、H5、H9四个亚型的抗体滴度。结果 2009年一般人群与禽类接触人群H5抗体、H9抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.002)。2004年和2009年禽类接触人群甲型流感各亚型抗体水平有明显的统计学差异。2004及2009年H9亚型抗体水平男女均有差异,均为女性高于男性。结论与禽类密切接触使H9亚型的感染率在持续上升。此监测结果可以估计,在2004年10月～2009年2月间上海闵行地区曾有H1N1型流感较高的发病率。各亚型抗体阳性率女性比男性阳性率高。提示在今后的流感预防工作中,应加强对女性的宣传教育工作。
Objective To analyze the changes of antibody level of influenza A virus in poultry contact population in Minhang District, Shanghai, and to provide basis for further development of influenza prevention and control measures. Methods Serum was collected from poultry breeding, slaughter and sales people and the general population in Minhang District in October 2004 and February 2009, and the antibody titers of four subtypes of H1, H3, H5 and H9 were detected. Results The positive rates of H5 antibody and H9 antibody between the general population and the poultry in 2009 were significantly different (P <0.002). In 2004 and 2009, there was a significant statistical difference in antibody levels of each subtype of influenza A in poultry exposed population. H4 subtype antibody levels in 2004 and 2009 were different for both men and women, both women than men. Conclusion The close contact with poultry causes the infection rate of H9 subtype to keep on rising. The monitoring results can be estimated in the October 2004 ~ February 2009 Shanghai Minhang area had a higher incidence of H1N1 influenza. The positive rate of each subtype antibody is higher than that of male. Tip In the future work on influenza prevention, women should be strengthened publicity and education.