一、关于参量Parameter与统计量Statistics的概念: 在科研过程中,所观察的观察值、测得的测量值,由它们所定出的量称为统计量。例如由某种观察或测量,得出了一系列数值所算出的平均数(样本平均数),就是一个参量型统计量。其它如样本的率、样本的标准差等,也是参量型统计量。因为由这些统计量,可以估计总体的平均数或率、或标准差等,而这些总体的统计指标数值,统计学称之为参量(有人称参数)。 I. The concept of parameters Parameter and Statistics Statistics: In the process of scientific research, the observations observed and the measured values ​​measured by them are called statistics. For example, by some observation or measurement, the average (sample average) calculated by a series of values ​​is a parameter-type statistic. Others such as sample rate, sample standard deviation, etc., are also parametric statistics. Because these statistics can be used to estimate the overall average or rate, or standard deviation, etc., and these overall statistical indicators are called statistical parameters (some parameters).