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磷是大豆植株的重要组成元素,对大豆的产量形成有重要作用。试验以绥农14、小金黄和秣食豆为试验材料,对大豆不同生育时期不同器官的磷素含量动态变化和磷素积累分配与转运规律进行研究。结果表明:(1)大豆叶片、叶柄、茎、根中的磷素含量随生育进程而下降,荚果中磷素含量呈先降低后升高的变化动态;(2)大豆植株磷素积累量随着生育进程而增加,叶片、叶柄、茎、根的磷素积累量呈单峰曲线变化,荚果的磷素积累量一直增加;(3)出苗至初花期(R1)、初花期(R1)至鼓粒初期(R5)、鼓粒初期(R5)至成熟期(R8)的磷素积累量占总积累量的比例3个供试品种平均为27.83%±12.57%、38.47%±3.87%、33.70%±8.93%;(4)在大豆生育前期叶片为磷素积累中心,其次为茎部,而到生育后期积累中心转移至荚果;(5)荚果中的磷素40.04%来自营养器官的转入,其中,来自叶片、叶柄、茎、根转移的比例分别为9.64%±3.95%、6.89%±3.16%、19.97%±3.97%、3.53%±1.27%。
Phosphorus is an important component of soybean plants, the production of soybean has an important role in the formation. In the experiment, Suinong 14, Xiaojinhuang and Cao Pea were used as test materials to study the dynamic changes of phosphorus content and the rules of accumulation, distribution and translocation of phosphorus in different organs of soybean at different growth stages. The results showed that: (1) The content of phosphorus in soybean leaves, petioles, stems and roots decreased with the growth process, and the content of phosphorus in pods decreased first and then increased; (2) The accumulation of phosphorus (P <0.05). The accumulation of P in leaves, petioles, stems and roots showed a single peak curve and the accumulation of P in pods increased continuously. (3) From emergence to first flowering (R1), first flowering The ratio of phosphorus accumulation in the initial accumulation (R5), initial druming (R5) to maturity (R8) to the total accumulation was 27.83% ± 12.57%, 38.47% ± 3.87% and 33.70 % ± 8.93%. (4) The leaves at the early stage of soybean growth were the phosphorus accumulation centers, followed by the stems, and transferred to the pods at the later stage of growth. (5) The conversion rate of 40.04% of the phosphorus in the pod came from vegetative organs The ratios of leaf, petiole, stem and root metastasis were 9.64% ± 3.95%, 6.89% ± 3.16%, 19.97% ± 3.97% and 3.53% ± 1.27%, respectively.