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地震信号的实时、自动、准确识别对于地震自动速报和地震预警十分重要。仿真信号试验分析表明,观测数据的四阶统计量函数(BKCF)对信号与噪声在能量和(或)频率方面的微弱差异变化具有较高的分辨能力。以此为基础,本文提出了一种新的自动探测区域地震事件的方法和测定直达波震相到时的BKCF-AIC方法。为了进一步提高波震相到时测定的精度,本文首先对指定时段的P-波记录进行偏振特性分析,其次对含有P波的S波记录进行偏振滤波处理,再次应用上述方法测定震相到时。与传统算法相比,基于山东测震台网记录的区域地震震例分析结果表明,使用本文提出的方法能够大幅度降低地震事件误检、漏检率,进一步提高了震相识别精度。
The real-time, automatic and accurate identification of seismic signals is very important for automatic earthquake report and earthquake early warning. Experimental analysis of the simulated signal shows that the fourth-order statistical function (BKCF) of the observed data has higher resolution for the weak difference of signal and noise in energy and / or frequency. Based on this, a new method of automatic detection of regional seismic events and a method of BKCF-AIC for determining the arrival phase of direct waves are proposed. In order to further improve the accuracy of the determination of the phase of the seismic wave, this paper first analyzes the polarization characteristics of the P-wave records in a given period of time, and secondly polarizes the S-wave records containing the P waves, and then applies the above method to determine the phase- . Compared with the traditional algorithm, the analysis of regional earthquake cases recorded by Shandong Seismograph Station shows that using the method proposed in this paper can greatly reduce the false detection and missed detection rate of seismic events and further improve the identification accuracy of seismic phases.