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本文首次报道一种新型血液灌流吸附剂——交联琼脂糖包膜活性碳(Cross-linkedAgarose Coated Active Charcoal,简称 CAAC-Ⅱ)微囊的制备方法,体外吸附性能及血相容性试验的结果。CAAC-Ⅱ微囊不同于近年来国外报告的琼脂糖包嵌的粉末状活性碳珠和作者等曾报告的CAAC-Ⅰ。CAAC-Ⅱ微囊以球状活性碳为心材,交联琼脂糖凝胶为膜材,具有微囊的结构特征。本文报告的微囊化方法解决了琼脂糖水凝胶包膜的特殊问题。将浸渍琼脂糖热溶液的球状碳经顺序控制喷入有机溶剂中,冷却后可得到表面光滑、膜层柔性包膜完整并呈水凝胶状态而不粘结的微囊。CAAC-Ⅱ微囊的制备方法较 CAAC-Ⅰ简便,微囊的大小规格容易控制。体外吸附性能测试包括小柱灌流系统法测试微囊对肌酐、橙-Ⅱ、BSP、B_(12)、菊糖等五种模型化合物的吸附率。大柱(内含200克干重微囊)灌流系统法均显示出微囊具有较好的吸附性能。血相容性试验报告了人血体外灌流后血小板、红细胞、白细胞的改变以及扫描电镜观察。初步试验结果表明 CAAC-Ⅱ微囊有较好的血相容性。与 CAA-Ⅰ相比,CAAC-Ⅱ微囊不仅同样具有能耐热压灭菌、微粒释放少、流阻低、血相容性较好等优点,而且该微囊的含碳量提高了70%(W/V),柱体积减小约40%;制备方法和工艺更简便。继续研究上述微囊化方法,可能为清除血液中蛋白质结合的毒物提供较实用的新途径。
This paper reports for the first time the preparation of a novel hemoperfusion adsorbent - Cross-linked Agarose-Coated Active Charcoal (CAAC-Ⅱ) microcapsules, in vitro adsorption performance and blood compatibility test results . CAAC-Ⅱ microcapsules is different from the foreign reports reported in recent years, agarose embedded powdered activated carbon beads and the authors have reported CAAC-Ⅰ. CAAC-Ⅱ microcapsules with spherical activated carbon as the core material, cross-linked agarose gel as a membrane material, with microcapsules structural characteristics. The microencapsulation method reported here addresses the special issue of agarose hydrogel encapsulation. The spherical carbon impregnated with the hot solution of agarose is sprayed into the organic solvent through sequential control, and after cooling, the microcapsules can be obtained which are smooth in surface and the flexible coating of the membrane layer is complete and in a hydrogel state without binding. The preparation method of CAAC-Ⅱ microcapsule is more convenient than that of CAAC-Ⅰ, the size of microcapsule is easy to control. In vitro adsorption test includes the small column perfusion system method to test the adsorption rate of the microcapsules to five model compounds such as creatinine, orange-Ⅱ, BSP, B_ (12) and inulin. Large column (containing 200 g dry weight microcapsules) perfusion system method showed that the microcapsules have good adsorption properties. The blood compatibility test reports the changes of platelets, erythrocytes and leucocytes after human blood is in vitro and scanning electron microscopy. Preliminary results show that CAAC-Ⅱ microcapsules have good blood compatibility. Compared with CAA-Ⅰ, CAAC-Ⅱ microcapsules not only have the advantages of autoclavable sterilization, less microparticle release, lower flow resistance and better blood compatibility, but also increase the carbon content of the microcapsules by 70% (W / V), the column volume reduced by about 40%; preparation methods and processes easier. Continuing the study of the microencapsulation method described above may provide a new and more practical way to remove protein bound poisons in the blood.