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“败绩”一词,先秦作品中多见。综合古往今来对它的解释,主要有以下四种:一、《春秋左氏传》庄公十一年:“大崩曰败绩。”杜预注曰:“师徒挠败,若沮岸崩山,丧其功绩,故曰败绩。”二、《春秋谷梁传》宣公十二年:“晋师败绩。”注曰:“绩,功也;功,事也。”《春秋左氏传》孔颖达疏曰:“绩训为功,丧其功绩,故曰败绩。”三、《礼记·檀弓上》:“鲁庄公及宋人战于乘丘,县贲父御,卜国为右,马惊败绩,公队,佐车授绥。”郑亥注曰:“败绩,马惊奔出列。”四、朱东润主编的《中国历代文学作品选》中选《郑子产相国》对其中“若未尝登车射御,则败绩厌覆是惧,何暇思获”一句的“败绩”注曰:“败绩,指车辆崩坏。”
The word “defeat” is more common in pre-Qin works. Comprehensive ancient and modern interpretation of it, there are four main: First, the “Spring and Autumn Zuozhuan” Zhuang 11 years: “collapse collapse said.” Du pre-injection said: “mentoring and defeated, Its merit, it said the defeat. ”Second,“ Spring and Autumn Gu Liang Chuan ”declared public twelve years:“ Jin division defeat. ”Note said:“ performance, Gong also; power, things too. ”“ Spring and Autumn Zushi ”Kong Yingda Shu said: “Performance training for the merits, funeral merit, so said defeat.” Three, “Book of Rites Tan Gong”: “Lu Zhuang Gong and Song war in the mound, the county Ben Yu, Bu Guo for the right , Horse scared to defeat the performance of the team, Zuo Chai grant Sui. ”Zheng Hai injection said:“ defeat, horse Jing Ben run out. ”Fourth, Zhu Dongrun editor of the“ Chinese Literary Works Selected ”in the election“ ”If you do not get on the car to shoot the Imperial Court, defeat is annoyed by fear of defeat and what is there to think,“ the ”defeat“ remark reads: ”Defeat means the vehicle has broken down."