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通过金相、扫描电镜观察和能谱分析,对1Cr18Mn18N不锈钢热锻过程中的开裂原因进行了分析和探究。金相观察发现,在奥氏体晶界上出现过烧痕迹,以及部分偏析和沿晶界扩展的贯穿裂纹;通过扫描电镜并结合能谱分析发现,在晶界处有硫化物形成和熔化的痕迹,在晶粒内有Al2O3、Ca CO3夹杂,并在开裂位置有大量Mn元素的偏聚。结果表明,钢件在热锻过程中开裂的主要原因是锻件存在冶金缺陷,它导致工件在高温下发生开裂。
The causes of cracking during 1Cr18Mn18N stainless steel hot-forging process were analyzed and studied by metallographic, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis. Metallographic observation showed that there were over-burned marks on the austenite grain boundaries and partially cracked and through-cracks propagating along the grain boundaries. Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis showed that sulfide formed and melted at grain boundaries Trace, there are Al2O3 in the grain, CaCO3 inclusions, and a large number of Mn in the cleavage site segregation. The results show that the main reason for cracking during hot forging is the metallurgical defects in the forging, which lead to the cracking of the workpiece at high temperature.