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机体对疾病的抵抗力还受多种因素的影响,主要有:(1)内分泌功能状态。如肾上腺皮质功能低下时,血管对去甲肾上腺素发生收缩的反应减弱,因而在较大出血时,易出现血压下降。糖尿病患者因胰岛素不足,易发生严重的细菌感染和结核病。(2)年龄、性别和营养状态。小儿患呼吸道和消化道疾病,是由其解剖生理特点和防御机能发育不完善所决定的。而老年人易患癌症,这可能由于长期受到致癌剂的作用或免疫机能减退的缘故.妇女易患胆道疾患、甲状腺机能亢进、泌尿道感染。而男子则易患动脉粥样硬化、胃癌等。营养不良,特别是蛋白质性营养不良,往往使抗体生成减少,吞噬细胞减少和吞噬活性降低,患者易发生细
The body’s resistance to the disease is also affected by many factors, mainly: (1) endocrine function state. Such as adrenal insufficiency, vascular contraction of norepinephrine decreased response, and thus greater bleeding, prone to blood pressure. Diabetes due to lack of insulin, prone to severe bacterial infection and tuberculosis. (2) Age, sex and nutritional status. Pediatric respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, is due to its anatomical and physiological characteristics and development of defense is imperfect decision. The elderly are predisposed to cancer, which may be due to the long-term effects of carcinogens or immune dysfunction. Women are susceptible to biliary disorders, hyperthyroidism and urinary tract infections. The men are susceptible to atherosclerosis, stomach cancer and so on. Malnutrition, especially of proteinous malnutrition, often leads to reduced antibody production, decreased phagocytic cells and reduced phagocytic activity, and is prone to occur in patients