一、前言 按照传统的板块构造观点,大陆边缘分为两种主要的类型:被动的和主动的。被动边缘是由于洋脊分裂和扩张的结果而产生的,单个板块内以出现张性的和随机的横推构造为特征。主动边缘是由大洋板块俯冲到大陆或岛弧之下发育起来的,因而,沿两个板块的边界往往存在着压性的和横推的构造。 I. Preface According to the traditional tectonic plates, the continental margin is divided into two main types: passive and active. Passive edges are the result of the division and expansion of oceanic ridges, characterized by the presence of tensile and random transverse structures in a single plate. Active edges develop from the subduction of the oceanic plate below the continental shelf or island arc, so compressional and transverse structures often exist along the boundaries of the two plates.