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最近,一度被誉为“WTO皇冠上的明珠”、“世界贸易法庭”的WTO争端解决机制正在接受一场“审判”。有些WTO成员方和学者认为WTO上诉机构在争端解决中奉行了司法能动主义。鉴于上诉机构的司法能动主义可能破坏WTO成员方的权利、义务平衡,因此结合上诉机构的解释实践来分析WTO中的司法能动主义问题尤显必要。本文在综合学界有关对WTO中司法能动主义批判的基础上,界定了WTO中司法能动主义的含义,分析了WTO中司法能动的正当性及其限度并得出结论认为WTO中的司法能动主义不可取。
Recently, the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, once known as the “Pearl of the WTO Crown” and the “World Trade Tribunal,” was undergoing a “trial.” Some WTO members and scholars believe that the WTO Appellate Body has pursued judicial activism in dispute settlement. In view of the fact that the judicial activism of the appellate body may undermine the rights and obligations of WTO members, it is particularly necessary to analyze the judicial initiative in the WTO in light of the interpretation practice of the appellate body. On the basis of comprehensive academic critique of judicial activism in WTO, this paper defines the meaning of judicial activism in WTO, analyzes the legitimacy and limits of judicial motivation in WTO and concludes that judicial activism in WTO can not take.