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目的:探讨探头式共聚焦激光显微内镜(probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy, pCLE)在性质不明胆管狭窄临床诊断中的作用。方法:纳入2013年4月1日—2016年12月30日在杭州市第一人民医院行pCLE检查和细胞刷检的12例性质不明胆管狭窄患者，收集患者的临床资料、经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术检查结果、pCLE检查图像、细胞刷检病理结果，以术后组织病理及12个月以上的随访情况为最终诊断，分别计算pCLE和细胞刷检诊断胆管恶性狭窄的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、总体准确率。结果:12例患者最终诊断为9例恶性肿瘤，3例良性狭窄。细胞刷检诊断胆管恶性狭窄的灵敏度为3/9，特异度为3/3，阳性预测值为3/3，阴性预测值为3/9，总体准确率为50.0%(6/12)。pCLE诊断胆管恶性狭窄的灵敏度为9/9，特异度为2/3，阳性预测值为9/10，阴性预测值为2/2，总体准确率为91.7%(11/12)。结论:pCLE可用于性质不明胆管狭窄的鉴别诊断。“,”Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic performance of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) for indeterminate biliary strictures.Methods:Twelve patients with indeterminate biliary strictures who underwent pCLE and brush cytology from April 1, 2013 to December 30, 2016 were enrolled. Clinical data, the results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, pCLE examination and brush cytology were collected. Compared with post-operative pathology and follow-up over 12 months, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), and accuracy of pCLE and brush cytology of the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures were analyzed.Results:The final diagnosis were 9 malignant and 3 benign. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of brush cytology were 3/9, 3/3, 3/3, 3/9 and 50.0%(6/12), respectively. The corresponding indicators of pCLE were 9/9, 2/3, 9/10, 2/2, and 91.7%(11/12), respectively.Conclusion:pCLE can be used for differential diagnosis of indeterminate biliary stricture.