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铁调素(Hepcidin)是由肝细胞分泌的维持人体系统性铁平衡的核心因子,其通过改变细胞膜铁转运蛋白(ferroportin,Fpn)的表达量以调控肠黏膜细胞和巨噬细胞内铁的转出水平,从而决定机体循环铁水平并影响肝脏等主要储铁脏器的铁负荷程度。根据近年来的研究发现,影响Hepcidin表达的主要因素可以归纳为两个方面:一是机体本身对铁的需求,而由于铁本身又是Hb(hemoglobin,血红蛋白)的合成原料以及携氧成份,因此还应包括机体对Hb合成和缺氧的反应,介导因子主要包括携铁转铁蛋白(holo-transferrin,holo-Tf)、促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)和缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia-inducible factor 1,HIF-1);另一则是源于疾病病理过程中相关致病因素、细胞因子、激素等非铁调控因子的改变对其表达调控机制产生的影响,并通过扰乱机体铁稳态加速疾病的发展或加重病情。随着研究资料的积累,糖尿病、部分心血管疾病、酒精性或非酒精性脂肪肝等慢性疾病存在铁过负荷已是不争的事实,多种hepcidin非铁调控因子在代谢紊乱型铁过负荷综合征(sysmetabolic iron overload syndrome)发生过程中的作用受到了广泛重视。对一些常见疾病中引起hepcidin表达变化异常和铁代谢紊乱的非铁因子及其作用机制的研究进展进行综述。
Hepcidin is a core factor secreted by hepatocytes to maintain the systemic iron balance of human body. It regulates iron turnover in intestinal mucosal cells and macrophages by altering the expression of ferroportin (Fpn) Out of the level, so as to determine the body’s circulating iron level and affect the liver and other major iron storage organ iron load level. According to recent studies, the main factors affecting the expression of Hepcidin can be summarized into two aspects: one is the body’s own demand for iron, and because iron itself is a hemoglobin synthesis of hemoglobin and oxygen-carrying ingredients, so The response of the body to Hb synthesis and hypoxia should also be included. The mediators include holo-transferrin (holo-Tf), erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia inducible factor-1 hypoxia-inducible factor 1, HIF-1); the other is derived from the pathogenesis of disease pathology related factors, cytokines, hormones and other non-iron regulatory factors that affect the expression and regulation of its mechanism, and by disturbing the body Steady acceleration of iron disease or aggravate the disease. With the accumulation of research data, it is an indisputable fact that there is an iron overload in chronic diseases such as diabetes, partial cardiovascular disease, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver, and many hepcidin non-iron regulatory factors in the metabolic disorder iron overload synthesis The role of (sysmetabolic iron overload syndrome) occurred during the widespread attention. In some common diseases, hepcidin expression caused by abnormal changes and iron metabolism disorders of non-iron factors and its mechanism of action are reviewed.