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目的探讨儿童血压升高的影响因素,为制定儿童高血压预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法数据来源于中国疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金“我国6~13岁学龄儿童主要慢性病干预模式及适宜技术研究”项目,选取江苏、山东、广西3省的调查资料,包括血压测量与相关因素调查,分析儿童血压升高的影响因素。结果共收集2 774名7~13岁儿童的资料,该人群血压升高检出率为28.6%,男、女儿童检出率分别为29.8%、27.1%;城市、乡村儿童血压升高检出率分别为31.5%、24.8%。单因素分析显示,居住地类型(城市或乡村)、居住地区、高血压家族史、超重肥胖、中心型肥胖、身高、出生体重以及早餐、蔬菜、奶制品的食用频率、早餐包括咸菜与儿童血压升高有统计学关联(均有P<0.05);多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,居住地类型、超重肥胖、身高、居住地区、早餐包括咸菜是儿童高血压升高的危险因素。结论超重肥胖、常食用咸菜是儿童血压升高的危险因素,控制肥胖是减少儿童高血压的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of hypertension in children and provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures of hypertension in children. Methods Data were collected from the Young Scientists Fund of China Research Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “Major Chronic Diseases Intervention Models and Suitable Techniques for Chinese Children Aged 6 ~ 13” and selected survey data from Jiangsu, Shandong and Guangxi provinces, including blood pressure measurement and correlation Factors investigation, analysis of the influencing factors of children’s blood pressure. Results A total of 2 774 children aged 7-13 years were collected. The prevalence of hypertension in this population was 28.6%, and the detection rates of male and female children were 29.8% and 27.1% respectively. Blood pressure was detected in urban and rural children Rates were 31.5% and 24.8% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the frequency of eating in residential areas (urban or rural areas), living areas, family history of hypertension, overweight and obesity, central obesity, height, birth weight and breakfast, vegetables and dairy products included pickles and children’s blood pressure (All P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the type of residence, overweight and obesity, height, living area and breakfast including pickled vegetables were the risk factors of hypertension in children. Conclusion Overweight and obesity, often eating pickles is a risk factor for children with elevated blood pressure, and controlling obesity is an important measure to reduce children’s hypertension.