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農業氣象學的基本目的就在於幫助農業最有效地利用氣候條件和天氣條件,以及幫助農業克服不利的氣候和天氣條件。也就是說幫助農業獲得高額而穩定的產量。農業氣象學是研究對農業具有重要意義的,與農業生產對象以及農業生產過程發生相互作用的那些氣象條件、氣候條件和水文條件的一門科學。我國農業氣象學誕生於19世紀末。農業氣象學的奠基者是俄國學者阿列科山大·依萬諾維奇·沃耶依柯夫和彼得·依萬諾奇·伯洛烏諾夫。他們確定了農業氣象觀測和農業氣象研究的原則,組織了第一批農業氣象站和農業氣象觀測哨,完成了一系列重要的農業氣象研究工作以及俄國的農業氣候研究工作。沃耶依柯夫和伯洛烏諾夫所確定的農業氣象觀測和農業氣象研究工作的原則,後來,被西方其他各國和美國盜用了。有權認爲俄國是農業氣象的祖國。一位美國學者·史密斯曾經這樣寫過:“俄國是建立用來研究氣象要素對產量的影響的農業象氣站和園藝氣象站的開路先鋒”。
The basic purpose of agrometeorology is to help agriculture to make the most efficient use of climatic and weather conditions and to help agriculture overcome adverse climatic and weather conditions. This means helping agriculture achieve high and stable yields. Agricultural meteorology is a science that studies the meteorological conditions, climatic conditions and hydrological conditions that are of great importance to agriculture and interact with agricultural production objects and agricultural production processes. China’s agricultural meteorology was born in the late 19th century. The founders of agricultural meteorology were Russian scholar Aleksei Ivanovich Voyerikov and Peter Ivanochki Boloyunov. They identified the principles of agrometeorological observation and agrometeorological research, organized the first agrometeorological stations and agrometeorological observation posts, completed a series of important agrometeorological studies and research on agro-climatic conditions in Russia. The principles of agrometeorological observation and agrometeorological work, as defined by Voyagerov and Pelovunov, were subsequently appropriated by the other Western countries and the United States. Right to think that Russia is the agro-meteorological country. One American scholar, Smith, once wrote: “Russia is a pioneer in the development of agricultural and horticultural weather stations to study the impact of meteorological elements on production.”