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腹痛是临床上最常见的症状之一,是机体器质性病变或功能紊乱的信号。引起腹痛的机理十分复杂,有神经因素也有体液因素。特别是近年来对致痛物质的研究进展很快,这对进一步揭示腹痛机理很有帮助。一、腹腔脏器的神经支配腹腔及盆腔各脏器的神经调解是受外部神经(迷走神经、交感神经及能髓副交感神经)和内在神经即璧神经丛的支配。 1.迷走神经:起始于延髓两侧的迷走神经背核,除发出许多纤维支配颈、胸部内脏外,还穿过脆肌进入腹膜,形成腹腔迷走神经,支配胃、肝、胆、胰、小肠及结肠脾曲近端的大肠。
Abdominal pain is one of the most common clinical symptoms, is a sign of organic disease or dysfunction. Abdominal pain caused by the mechanism is very complex, there are neurological factors also have humoral. Especially in recent years, research on pain-inducing substances has progressed rapidly, which is very helpful to further reveal the mechanism of abdominal pain. First, the abdominal organs of the innervation of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs of the nervous mediation by the external nerve (vagus nerve, sympathetic and can marrow parasympathetic) and internal nerve that is the control of the plexus nerve. 1. Vagal: Vagal dorsal nucleus originating from both sides of the medulla oblongata, in addition to giving many fibers dominate the neck, chest viscera, but also through the crisp muscle into the peritoneum, the formation of the abdominal vagus nerve, dominate the stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine and colon Splenic proximal colon.