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目的验证一种新型颈脊髓慢性压迫动物模型建立方法的可行性。方法选取18只崇明山羊,随机分为实验组(15只)和对照组(3只)。通过前路手术将球囊压迫装置固定在C3椎体内,实验组术后每周经皮向注射阀注射0.1ml造影剂,使球囊缓慢膨胀,对颈脊髓产生慢性压迫;对照组放置压迫装置后即刻取出,术后每周仅经皮穿刺但不注射造影剂。每4周采用Tarlov评分法对动物进行行为学评价,在全麻下进行颈椎X线、CT、MRI检查,并处死2只取压迫节段脊髓进行病理学观察。结果对照组各时间点Tarlov评分均为5分。实验组术后4周(n=13)Tarlov评分不变;术后8周时(n=11)有2只Tarlov评分为4分,9只5分;术后12周时(n=9)有3只Tarlov评分为2分,4只3分,2只4分。影像学检查示对照组脊髓未见明显异常;实验组球囊压迫系统表现稳定,随着时间推移,脊髓逐渐受压。病理学检查显示对照组未见明显异常。实验组术后4周未见明显异常;术后8周受压节段脊髓前角内神经元数量减少,胞体周围间隙增大,白质轻度脱髓鞘,部分轴突空泡变性;术后12周白质出现片状脱髓鞘区和空泡变性。结论术后实验动物行为学、影像学和组织学检查符合慢性压迫性颈脊髓病特点,说明新型球囊注射压迫系统可以辅助建立稳定、可靠的慢性颈脊髓压迫动物模型。
Objective To verify the feasibility of a new method for establishing animal models of chronic cervical spinal cord compression. Methods Eighteen Chongming goats were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 3). The anterior approach was used to fix the balloon compression device in the C3 vertebral body. The experimental group was percutaneously injected with 0.1 ml contrast agent per week after the injection to make the balloon expand slowly, which produced chronic compression on the cervical spinal cord. Immediately removed after the device, only percutaneous puncture after surgery but do not inject contrast agent. Tarlov scoring method was used to evaluate the behavior of animals every 4 weeks. X-ray, CT and MRI were performed under general anesthesia, and 2 spinal cord of the compression section was sacrificed for pathological observation. Results The control group had Tarlov score of 5 at each time point. In the experimental group, the Tarlov score was unchanged at 4 weeks after operation (n = 13); two Tarlov scores were 4 and 9 at 8 weeks after operation (n = 11) There are 3 Tarlov scores of 2 points, 4 3 points, 2 4 points. The imaging examination showed that there was no obvious abnormality in the control group. The balloon compression system in the experimental group showed stable performance. With time, the spinal cord was gradually compressed. Pathological examination showed no significant abnormalities in the control group. There were no obvious abnormalities in the experimental group at 4 weeks after operation. The number of neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord decreased at 8 weeks after operation, the clearance around the cell body increased, the demyelination of white matter was mild, and some of the axons degenerated. Twelve weeks of white matter appeared demyelinated area and vacuolar degeneration. Conclusions Postoperative behavioral, imaging and histological examination of the experimental animals are consistent with chronic myogenic cervical spinal cord disease, indicating that the new balloon injection compression system can help establish a stable and reliable chronic cervical spinal cord compression animal model.