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花菇外形美观,肉质脆嫩口感好,历来被视为色、香、味俱全的菇中珍品。历来多由自然气候形成,产品数量极少。以福建寿宁为中心的袋栽花菇人工培育技术的突破,给香菇生产带来了一次新的变革与飞跃。笔者在指导生产中摸索出了低海拔地区(500m以下)的花菇栽培技术,一般每袋成本1～1.5元,可收花菇250～350g,产值达10元左右,每袋纯利润5～10元,经济效益比普通菌棒栽培高3～5倍。本文就花菇的成因及栽培技术谈点粗浅的看法,供同行探讨。 一、花菇的形成原因 花菇从实质上说是一种在不良环境条件下形成的一种“畸形菇”,它属不可遗传的变异。主要成因是通风干燥、低温及较大的昼夜温差。低温香菇子实体生长缓慢,在这种环境条件下生长的子实体菌肉肥厚、质脆嫩,干燥的环境(相对湿度80％以下)使菌盖皮层细胞分裂生长速度缓慢,而菌肉细胞分裂生长速度相对较
Mushrooms beautiful appearance, crisp tender meat taste, has always been regarded as color, smell and taste of mushroom treasures. Traditionally formed by the natural climate, the number of products is minimal. Breakthrough in artificial cultivation technology of bagged mushroom cultivation centered on Fujian Shouning brought a new change and leap to mushroom production. The author in the guidance of production found in the low altitude (500m below) mushroom cultivation techniques, the general cost per bag 1 to 1.5 yuan, mushrooms 250 ~ 350g can be received, the output value of 10 yuan, net profit per bag 5 ~ 10 yuan, economic efficiency than ordinary fungus cultivation 3 to 5 times. This article on the causes of Mushrooms and cultivation techniques to talk about the shallow point of view for peer discussion. First, the formation of flower mushrooms Mushroom is essentially a kind of “bad mushroom” formed under adverse environmental conditions, it is an unalterable mutation. The main reason is ventilated and dry, low temperature and large temperature difference between day and night. Low-temperature mushroom fruiting bodies grow slowly, fruiting bodies grown in this environment conditions fattening, crisp, dry environment (relative humidity below 80%) so that the gingival ciliated cells divide and grow slowly, and bacterial cell division Relative growth rate