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在考虑作物群体内光能分布和单叶同化强度的影响,计算群体光合量的方法中,群体结构是最重要的因素,是基础。本试验采用罗斯(Pocc)方法测定了撒播、等行距条播、宽窄行条播,三种不同种植方式春小麦的群体结构。结果表明:叶面积按倾角分布的规律受种植方式的影响不大。对星红五号春小麦品种,倾角为30°—90°的叶片面积占总叶面积的80％以上;从株顶往下,直立叶减少,平伸叶增加。三种不同种植方式小麦群体,叶面积按方位的分布都表现出不均匀,其中以宽窄行条播群体不均匀性最明显,等行距条播群体次之,撒播群体最不显著。叶面积在各方位上分布的情况是:均以偏南方位较多;朝向行间,尤其以朝向宽行间的较多(仅在本试验行向下)。这种规律可解释为:由于太阳视轨道和种植方式不同,形成群体内太阳辐射能各向不均一,以及作物具有向光性所致。
Considering the influence of light energy distribution and single leaf assimilation intensity in crop population, population structure is the most important factor in calculating the photosynthetic rate of population. In this study, we used the Pocc method to determine the population structure of spring wheat in sowing, sowing distance, sowing width and sowing, and three different planting methods. The results showed that the law of leaf area distribution according to the inclination angle was not affected by the planting mode. For Star Red 5 spring wheat, the leaf area with the inclination of 30 ° -90 ° accounted for more than 80% of the total leaf area. From the top of the plant, the vertical leaves decreased and the flattened leaves increased. The three groups of wheat with different planting methods showed uneven distribution of leaf area by azimuth. Among them, the population heterogeneity was the most obvious by wide and narrow rowing, followed by the rowing groups with the least spreading. Leaf area distribution in all directions are: are more southerly position; towards the line, especially towards the wide line between more (only in the test line down). This law can be interpreted as: due to the different orbits of the sun and the different planting methods, the solar radiation energy in the formation groups is not uniform, and the crops have the phototropism.