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前言通常钎接时的温度低于母材的熔化温度,其数值的大小取决于所选择的钎料熔点,因而可以控制焊接工艺,使母材的金相组织在钎接过程中不发生变化,这一点是钎接与其它焊接方法相比的一个极大优点。为了钎接2米长的铝合金管,试验了两种钎接方法:①自动火焰钎接。它的优点是设备简单、操作方便、重现性好。缺点是预热温度沿管子轴向分布不易均匀,焊接火焰和气体流量要严格控制才能确保焊接质量。②盐浴钎接。它的优点是熔盐温度易于精确控制,误差通常不超过2℃,工件加热均匀快速,焊缝质量稳定,重现性好,焊接工艺成熟。此外,由于受热均匀,工件焊接变形小。缺点是设备费用昂贵,必须连续生产。
Foreword Usually brazing temperature is lower than the base metal melting temperature, the value of the size depends on the selected solder melting point, which can control the welding process, so that the base metal microstructure in brazing process does not change, This is one of the great advantages of brazing compared to other welding methods. In order to braze 2-meter-long aluminum alloy pipe, two brazing methods were tested: ① automatic flame brazing. Its advantages are simple equipment, easy operation and good reproducibility. The disadvantage is that preheating temperature distribution along the pipe axis is not uniform, welding flame and gas flow to be strictly controlled to ensure the welding quality. ② salt bath brazing. Its advantage is that molten salt temperature is easy to control precisely, the error is usually not more than 2 ℃, the workpiece is heated evenly and fast, the weld quality is stable, the reproducibility is good, and the welding process is mature. In addition, due to uniform heating, workpiece deformation welding small. The disadvantage is that the equipment is expensive and must be continuously produced.