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19世纪,欧洲自然科学的兴起对人类的自身定位和自我认同提出有力质问。《弗兰肯斯坦》和《莫罗博士之岛》作为早期科幻小说的代表性作品,在生物学维度上将肉体性作为人类的本体论存在基础,在伦理学维度上以行为和思想划分人兽界限,在人类学维度上探讨人类本质的丰富内涵,映射出了19世纪新兴的自然科学和传统的宗教神学之间的激烈博弈以及人类自我认同焦虑的宏大主题。至此,人类的自我认同已经脱离了传统的“神—人”二元视域,而是在“神—人—兽”的三元结构中不断游移,在神学和自然科学的夹缝中,寻找人类定义的落脚点。
In the 19th century, the rise of European natural science raised strong questions about human self-identification and self-identification. As the representative works of early science fiction, Frankenstein and the island of Dr. Moro, based on the biological dimension, regard the physicality as the ontological basis of human beings, and divide the human beings in the ethical dimension by the behavior and thought Animal boundaries, explore the rich connotation of human nature in the anthropological dimension, and map out the grand theme of the intense game between the emerging natural sciences and the traditional religious theology in the 19th century and the anxiety of human self-identity. At this point, human self-identity has departed from the traditional “God-Man” dualistic vision, but has continuously moved in the “God-Man-Beast” ternary structure and has caught the gap between theology and the natural science In search of the definition of human settlements.