合作治理是一项以合作为核心的包容性发展策略,政府通过自上而下的权威体系来整合社会利益,精准定位共同的目标,以对话、反思、谈判等互动方式,与社会组织等共同承担公共责任与风险。合作治理关注多元主体联合行动的过程,强调建立在相互认同和依赖基础上的主体权威,注重沟通协商所形成的共创共享型合作秩序。作为一种指导政府与社会组织行为的框架,合作治理涉及到如何为利益相关者设定正式和非正式的游戏规则,并在规则运行过程中调和参与者不同的偏好和利 Cooperative governance is an inclusive development strategy with cooperation as the core. The government integrates social interests through top-down authoritative systems, precisely locates common goals, and interacts with social organizations through dialogue, reflection and negotiation Take on public responsibility and risk. Cooperative governance focuses on the process of the joint operation of multiple subjects, emphasizing the authority of the main body based on mutual recognition and dependence, and paying attention to the cooperative and co-operating order created by communication and consultation. As a framework to guide the behavior of government and social organizations, cooperative governance involves how to set formal and informal rules of the game for stakeholders and to reconcile different preferences and interests of the participants during the operation of the rules