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目的:分析云浮市流行性感冒(流感)的流行特征,总结流行规律,为预防和控制流感提供科学依据。方法:每周采集流感样病例的鼻咽拭子,采用狗肾传代细胞(Madin Darby Canine Kidney,MDCK)进行病毒分离和(或)逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction,RT-PCR)检测流感病毒核酸;流感病毒亚型鉴定采用血凝抑制试验或RT-PCR方法。结果:2009年共采集鼻咽拭子标本2286份,流感病毒阳性441份,检出率为19.3%;其中B型40份(占9.1%),A1(H1N1)93份(占21.1%),A3(H3N2)52份(占11.8%),甲型H1N1 256份(占58.0%);上半年的优势株为B型,下半年的优势株为甲型H1N1,病毒检出高峰出现在10月～12月;7月～9月A1(H1N1)和A3(H3N2)各占优势;B、A1(H1N1)、A3(H3N2)3种型别在0岁～15岁少年儿童中分布最多,而甲型H1N1在5岁～25岁青少年中占的比例最多。结论:流感病例中B型、A1(H1N1)、A3(H3N2)和甲型H1N1流感病毒交替出现,甲型H1N1作为新出现的流感病毒型别,流行速度快,活动力强,应密切注意其活动情况,加强监测,及时发现病毒的变异情况。
Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza (influenza) in Yunfu City, summarize the epidemic rules, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected weekly in flu-like cases and viral isolation and / or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT) was performed using Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) -PCR) to detect influenza virus nucleic acid; influenza virus subtype identification using hemagglutination inhibition test or RT-PCR method. Results: In 2009, 2,286 samples of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, 441 were positive for influenza virus, the detection rate was 19.3%. Among them, 40 were type B (9.1%), 93 were A1 (H1N1) (21.1%), 52 (11.8%) of A3 (H3N2) and 256 (97.0%) of H1N1; the predominant strain in the first half of the year was type B, the dominant strain in the second half of year was H1N1, and the peak of the virus was detected in October (H1N1) and A3 (H3N2) dominated in July and September. The three genotypes B, A1 (H1N1) and A3 (H3N2) were most commonly distributed among children aged 0-15 years. However, H1N1 accounts for the largest proportion of adolescents aged 5 to 25 years. Conclusion: Influenza A, B, A1 (H1N1), A3 (H3N2) and Influenza A (H1N1) viruses appear alternately. Influenza A H1N1 is a newly emerging type of influenza virus with high prevalence and strong activity. It should be closely monitored Activities, strengthen monitoring, timely detection of the mutation of the virus.