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十月革命发生于农民国家——俄国。当时农民占总人口的82%。如何对待农民,解放农民,解放农业生产力,是苏俄能否顺利建设社会主义的关键。列宁的新经济政策设想和实践,是宝贵的开拓。20世纪20年代下半期,斯大林为了取得工业化资金,为超高速发展重工业和国防工业服务,发动了暴风骤雨般的农业集体化运动,在短短的两三年内建立起一整套由国家严格控制的集体农庄制度。农民重又失去自由选择权,沦为向国家缴纳“超额贡赋”的“农奴”。从此,苏联农业陷入一蹶不振的困境,并且造成苏联经济——社会的畸形发展。
The October Revolution took place in peasant countries - Russia. At that time, peasants accounted for 82% of the total population. How to treat the peasants, liberate the peasants, and liberate the productive forces of agriculture are the keys to whether or not Soviet Russia can successfully build socialism. Lenin’s plan and practice of the new economic policy is a precious pioneer. In the latter half of the 1920s, Stalin launched a stormy agricultural collectivization campaign in order to obtain industrialized funds and serve the rapid development of heavy industry and national defense industry. In just two or three years, Stalin set up a whole set of state-controlled collective farms system. The peasants once again lost their right of free choice and became “serfs” paying “excess tribute” to the country. Since then, Soviet agriculture has been in a state of stagnation and has caused the economic and social devastation in the Soviet Union.