文学是人学,“最美丽的猴子与人类比起来也是丑陋的”(赫拉克利特)。文学以表现人为中心,而且还表现人的心灵中荡漾奔涌的感情,因而文学又称为“心学”或“感情学”。中学语文阅读教材有百分之八十以上的篇目是文学作品,塑造了许许多多个性鲜明的人物形象。有些篇目写的似乎不是人,而是动物。如《马说》写的是马,《狼》《促织》写的是狼和蟋蟀,《海燕》写的是海燕、海鸥;但实际上,作家写的仍然是人,他们在这些动物的躯壳中注入 Literature is human science, and “the most beautiful monkeys are uglier than humans” (Heraclitus). Literature to the performance of people-centered, but also reflects the feelings of people’s surging waves surged, so literature is also known as “heart ” or “feeling ”. Eighty percent or more of the textbooks in secondary school Chinese reading are literary works, creating many, many-figure personalities. Some articles do not seem to write people, but animals. Such as “horse that” is written in horses, “wolf” “knitting” is written in wolves and crickets, “Swallow” is written swallows, seagulls; but in fact, the writer is still written, they are in the body of these animals In the injection