论文部分内容阅读
于1933~1944年间,一种安全、有效的铝吸附白喉—破伤风—百日咳疫苗(DTP)在美国获得了发展和普遍理解,导致了百日咳发病率的逐渐下降和为已经有效地保持了40年以上的预防接种规划灌了信心。这和英国扰嚷的百日咳预防接种历史形成了对比,在英国对可用疫苗效果的怀疑,延误了在全国积极推广使用直至1957年,此后的一些报告进一步散播了关于效果和安全性的疑虑。于1974年,当国立残疾儿童医院,关于发生在接种DTP后的神经系统病例系列被作为电视记录片的基础材料播映后,群众性宣传工具卷入了安全性的争端。卫生及社会安全部(DHSS)对此作出了反应,设立了两项接种后副反应病例记录的回顾性研究和两项前瞻性研究。前瞻性研究之一:全国幼儿脑病研究(NCES)被认为是权威性的有对照的病例研究。
A safe and effective aluminum diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP) was developed and commonly understood in the United States between 1933 and 1944, leading to a gradual decline in the incidence of pertussis and to the benefit of having effectively maintained for 40 years The vaccination plan above has given confidence. This is in contrast to the disturbing history of whooping cough in the UK, where doubts about the effectiveness of the vaccine available in the United Kingdom have been delayed throughout the country until 1957, and some since then further spreading doubts about efficacy and safety. In 1974, when the National Disabled Children’s Hospital about the series of neurological diseases that occurred after DTP vaccination was shown as the basic material for television documentaries, mass media was involved in the security dispute. The Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) responded by setting up two retrospective studies and two prospective studies of two post-vaccination case records. One of the prospective studies: The National NCD is considered to be an authoritative and controlled case study.