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目的了解江门市孕产妇的行为特征及艾滋病感染危险因素流行情况。方法分析2009年至2015年国家级孕产妇监测哨点的数据资料。结果 2009年至2015年不同年度孕产妇年龄、婚姻状况、户籍、文化程度、妊娠次数和生育情况构成比均有显著性差异(χ2值分别为43.02、5.04、85.79、194.19、217.82、131.97,均P<0.05)。2009年至2015年,孕产妇艾滋病知晓率相对较高,总体知晓率为93.47%~99.75%,不同年度间比较差异具有统计学意义(χ2=15.96,P<0.01)。2009年至2015年7年连续监测共发现7人承认有吸毒行为,吸毒比例总体为0.24%,各年度比较趋势检验无统计学意义(χ2=0.785,P>0.05)。2011年检出3例梅毒抗体阳性者,2014年检出2例梅毒抗体阳性者,梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0.21%(3/469)和0.49%(2/405),各年度无显著性差异(确切概率P>0.05)。2012年至2014年分别检出4例、1例和3例HIV抗体阳性者,HIV抗体阳性率分别为1.00%(4/402)、0.25%(1/405)和0.74%(3/405),各年度无显著性差异(确切概率P>0.05)。结论江门市孕产妇人群艾滋病呈高流行状态,目前孕产妇人群艾滋病知晓率较高,但既往感染者生育愿望与频次的增加,使艾滋病流行的危险因素加大,应加强孕产妇检测工作,并采取有效干预措施,减少母婴传播危险性。
Objective To understand the behavioral characteristics of pregnant women in Jiangmen City and the prevalence of risk factors for HIV infection. Methods The data of sentinel surveillance at national level between 2009 and 2015 were analyzed. Results The proportions of maternal age, marital status, household registration, educational level, number of pregnancies and fertility in different years from 2009 to 2015 were significantly different (χ2 = 43.02, 5.04, 85.79, 194.19, 217.82, 131.97, respectively P <0.05). From 2009 to 2015, the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among pregnant women was relatively high, with the overall awareness rate ranging from 93.47% to 99.75%. The difference between the two years was statistically significant (χ2 = 15.96, P <0.01). During the seven years from 2009 to 2015, 7 people were found to have committed drug abuse by continuous monitoring. The proportion of drug abuse was 0.24% in all. There was no significant difference in trend test between years (χ2 = 0.785, P> 0.05). In 2011, 3 cases of positive syphilis were detected, and in 2 cases of syphilis antibody positive in 2014, the positive rates of syphilis antibody were 0.21% (3/469) and 0.49% (2/405) respectively, with no significant difference in each year (Exact probability P> 0.05). The positive rates of HIV antibodies were 1.00% (4/402), 0.25% (1/405) and 0.74% (3/405) respectively in 4 cases, 1 case and 3 cases of HIV antibody positive from 2012 to 2014, There was no significant difference in each year (exact probability P> 0.05). Conclusions HIV / AIDS among pregnant women and mothers in Jiangmen City is in a high prevalence status. At present, the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among pregnant women and mothers is high. However, as the desire and frequency of births of former HIV infected persons increase, the risk factors for HIV / AIDS are aggravating. Pregnancy testing should be strengthened. Take effective interventions to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.