本文探讨了我国两宋时期(960—1279年)粮食商品化程度的问题,提出了与以往中外有关论著不同的看法。文章认为,宋代粮食贸易虽然获得了很大的发展,但是并没有达到使自然经济近于匿迹的水平,与国外学者所说的“近世”的水平也有不小的距离。这主要反映在宋代的粮食生产远未出现以地区分工为特征的专业化的生产方式;粮食贸易很少有常年跨地区的长途贩运;米盐交易仍是典型的小商品之间的交换,没有形成农产品与手工业品之间的交换关系。总之,宋代经济虽然比前代有了显著的进步,但与近代经济仍然存在着本质的区别。 This article explores the degree of commercialization of grain in the two Song Dynasties (960-1279) in our country and puts forward some different opinions from the previous treatises both at home and abroad. The article holds that although the grain trade in Song Dynasty gained great development, it did not reach the level of keeping natural economy close to disappearing. It is not far away from the level of “modern times” spoken by foreign scholars. This is mainly reflected in the fact that food production in the Song Dynasty is far from a specialized mode of production characterized by a regional division of labor; there are few long-distance trafficking in grain trade throughout the year; rice salt trade is still an exchange between typical commodity commodities and no formation Exchange between agricultural products and handicrafts. In short, although the Song Dynasty’s economy has made significant progress over its predecessors, there are still fundamental differences with the modern economy.