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【摘要】强调句型在近几年的高考及模考中频繁出现,是英语语法测试中的重点和热点之一。在日常运用中也频繁出现。对于高三年级的学生来说,必须对这种结构加以重视。
【关键词】句型;归纳;模考;运用
【中图分类号】G633.41【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1001-4128(2011)07-0172-02
1强调句型的基本结构
基本结构:"It is/was +被强调部分+that/who/whom+句子的剩余部分。"当被强调部分是人时,可用who(主格),whom(宾格),或that;而对句子中其它部分(除谓语)进行强调时,一律使用that.
2强调句型中的时态
在强调句型"It is...that.."及"It was...that..."结构中,"is"与"was"不能用are,were.
eg:It is Mary and Tom that are good at English.
在强调主语时,其后的谓语动词应和被强调的主语保持一致。
eg:It is I that am very lazy.
It is Tom that is very tall...
另外,强调句型的动词形式除了一般现在时(is)和一般过去式(was),也有事可用情态动词。
eg:(1)It may be my book that he is reading.
(2) It must have been the manager that he spoke to.
(3) It must be Tom that he wants to meet.
3强调句型所强调的句子成分
该句型可以用来强调一个句子的主语、宾语、(时间、地点、原因)状语、主语补足语、宾语补足语及从句等
He bought a book in Beijing last week.
(1) It was he thatbought abook in Beijing last week .(强调主语)
(2)It was a book that he bought in Beijing last week.(强调宾语)
(3)It was in Beijing that he bought a book yesterday.(强调地点状语)
(4)It was last week that he bought a book in Beijing.(强调时点状语)
(5)It was Mary that she was called.(强调主语补足语)
(6) It was president that we elected him.(强调宾语补足语)
(7) It was what he did that surprised all of us.(强调从句)
4强调句型中的人称代词
强调句子中的主语时用主格,强调宾语时用宾格。
It was her that he met yesterday.(强调宾格)
It was he that met her yesterday. (强调主语)
5强调举行中的语序及not...until 结构
强调句型中,要用陈述语序;not until一起放在be之后。
eg:Not uitil yesterday did he realize his mistakes.
It was not until yesterday that he realized his mistakes.(要注意时态)
He didn't meet her until yesterday.
It was not until yesterday that he met her.
Only in this way can we do it.
It is only in this way that wecan do it.
6强调句型中的整体强调
在强调一个句子的主语或宾语要对其整体进行强调.即若主语或宾语中有定语从句时或所进行强调的有两个并列主语或宾语时.
如对下列句子中的各部分进行强调:
I met the boywhose father was a student yesterday.
It was the boy whose father was a scientist that I metyesterday.
He still remembers the days he spent in the USA.
It is the days(that)he spent in the USA that he still remembers.
He still remembers the days when he was in the USA.
It is the days when he was in the USA that he still remembers.
what he did not what he said matters.
It is what he did not what he said that matters..
7强调句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句形式
He bought the book in the shop.
强调句的一般疑问句的形式
Was it the book that he bought in that shop?
Where was it that he bought the book ?
Who was it that he met yesterday?
强调句型的一般疑问句形式是将is/was放在it之前,在句尾加"?"。其特殊疑问句的形式是:What\when\where\who\how is\was it that.....?
注意,若其疑问形式在从句中,要用陈述语序。
如:I can't remember where it was that he bought the book.
I don't know who it was that he met yesterday.
8强调句型的省略
-Where did you meet her?
-It was in the hotel where she stayed.=It was in the hotel where she stayed
that I met her.
强调句型用于问答特殊疑问句时,首先用一个完整的句子对其进行回答,再把这个句子变成强调句型,最后将问句中的相同部分及that省略。
9强调句型的判定
要判定一个句子是不是强调句型结构,就是在去掉It is/was...that...中的划线部分之后,句子仍然完整,则为强调句型,否则,不是强调句型.
eg:(1)It was 1949 the PRC was founded.
(2) It was in 1949 the PRC was founded.
句(1)中若去掉It was 及所要填的词,则是:The PRC was founded 1949.这是一个错误句子。
句(2)中,若去掉It was及其所要填的词之后,句子仍然完整,故是强调句型,用that即The PRC was founded in 1949.
10.一定要注意it作形式主語以及指代时间、地点、天气等情况的用法。下列句型应牢记:
eg. It is said that he last his car.
It is 5 years since he joined the army.
(=It has been 5 years since he joined the army.)
It was 5 years since sb. had done sth.
It will be 5 years before sb.does sth.
It is time that sb.did sth.
It is time that sb. should do sth.(should 在此不能省去)
It is the first\last time that sb. has done sth.
It was the first\last ttime that sb. had done sth.
【关键词】句型;归纳;模考;运用
【中图分类号】G633.41【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1001-4128(2011)07-0172-02
1强调句型的基本结构
基本结构:"It is/was +被强调部分+that/who/whom+句子的剩余部分。"当被强调部分是人时,可用who(主格),whom(宾格),或that;而对句子中其它部分(除谓语)进行强调时,一律使用that.
2强调句型中的时态
在强调句型"It is...that.."及"It was...that..."结构中,"is"与"was"不能用are,were.
eg:It is Mary and Tom that are good at English.
在强调主语时,其后的谓语动词应和被强调的主语保持一致。
eg:It is I that am very lazy.
It is Tom that is very tall...
另外,强调句型的动词形式除了一般现在时(is)和一般过去式(was),也有事可用情态动词。
eg:(1)It may be my book that he is reading.
(2) It must have been the manager that he spoke to.
(3) It must be Tom that he wants to meet.
3强调句型所强调的句子成分
该句型可以用来强调一个句子的主语、宾语、(时间、地点、原因)状语、主语补足语、宾语补足语及从句等
He bought a book in Beijing last week.
(1) It was he thatbought abook in Beijing last week .(强调主语)
(2)It was a book that he bought in Beijing last week.(强调宾语)
(3)It was in Beijing that he bought a book yesterday.(强调地点状语)
(4)It was last week that he bought a book in Beijing.(强调时点状语)
(5)It was Mary that she was called.(强调主语补足语)
(6) It was president that we elected him.(强调宾语补足语)
(7) It was what he did that surprised all of us.(强调从句)
4强调句型中的人称代词
强调句子中的主语时用主格,强调宾语时用宾格。
It was her that he met yesterday.(强调宾格)
It was he that met her yesterday. (强调主语)
5强调举行中的语序及not...until 结构
强调句型中,要用陈述语序;not until一起放在be之后。
eg:Not uitil yesterday did he realize his mistakes.
It was not until yesterday that he realized his mistakes.(要注意时态)
He didn't meet her until yesterday.
It was not until yesterday that he met her.
Only in this way can we do it.
It is only in this way that wecan do it.
6强调句型中的整体强调
在强调一个句子的主语或宾语要对其整体进行强调.即若主语或宾语中有定语从句时或所进行强调的有两个并列主语或宾语时.
如对下列句子中的各部分进行强调:
I met the boywhose father was a student yesterday.
It was the boy whose father was a scientist that I metyesterday.
He still remembers the days he spent in the USA.
It is the days(that)he spent in the USA that he still remembers.
He still remembers the days when he was in the USA.
It is the days when he was in the USA that he still remembers.
what he did not what he said matters.
It is what he did not what he said that matters..
7强调句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句形式
He bought the book in the shop.
强调句的一般疑问句的形式
Was it the book that he bought in that shop?
Where was it that he bought the book ?
Who was it that he met yesterday?
强调句型的一般疑问句形式是将is/was放在it之前,在句尾加"?"。其特殊疑问句的形式是:What\when\where\who\how is\was it that.....?
注意,若其疑问形式在从句中,要用陈述语序。
如:I can't remember where it was that he bought the book.
I don't know who it was that he met yesterday.
8强调句型的省略
-Where did you meet her?
-It was in the hotel where she stayed.=It was in the hotel where she stayed
that I met her.
强调句型用于问答特殊疑问句时,首先用一个完整的句子对其进行回答,再把这个句子变成强调句型,最后将问句中的相同部分及that省略。
9强调句型的判定
要判定一个句子是不是强调句型结构,就是在去掉It is/was...that...中的划线部分之后,句子仍然完整,则为强调句型,否则,不是强调句型.
eg:(1)It was 1949 the PRC was founded.
(2) It was in 1949 the PRC was founded.
句(1)中若去掉It was 及所要填的词,则是:The PRC was founded 1949.这是一个错误句子。
句(2)中,若去掉It was及其所要填的词之后,句子仍然完整,故是强调句型,用that即The PRC was founded in 1949.
10.一定要注意it作形式主語以及指代时间、地点、天气等情况的用法。下列句型应牢记:
eg. It is said that he last his car.
It is 5 years since he joined the army.
(=It has been 5 years since he joined the army.)
It was 5 years since sb. had done sth.
It will be 5 years before sb.does sth.
It is time that sb.did sth.
It is time that sb. should do sth.(should 在此不能省去)
It is the first\last time that sb. has done sth.
It was the first\last ttime that sb. had done sth.