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目的观察狂犬病疫苗不同接种方案对不同人群的免疫效果。方法收集2013年5月到9月间在本院急诊科动物咬伤门诊接种人狂犬病疫苗的志愿者,分别接种传统的5针法(n=36)和2-1-1接种方案(n=73),根据3年以前有无狂犬病疫苗接种史分成4组:A组(2-1-1初种组,n=49)、B组(5针初种组,n=23)、C组(2-1-1复种组,n=24)和D组(5针复种组,n=13)。分别检测接种首日、接种第7、21和45天各组接种者血清狂犬病抗体阳性率。结果狂犬病疫苗5针法接种与2-1-1方案在首日、第7、21和45天时抗体阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。第45天每种方案的初种组与复种组阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但首日及第7和21天的阳性率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论狂犬病疫苗5针法与2-1-1接种方案免疫效果相当,复种者早期(第7天)即可达到血清抗狂犬病抗体阳性。
Objective To observe the immune effect of different vaccination programs of rabies vaccine on different populations. Methods A total of 5 volunteers (n = 36) and 2-1-1 (n = 36) were vaccinated with rabies vaccination in the department of emergency department animal bites from May to September 2013, 73) were divided into 4 groups according to the history of rabies vaccination 3 years ago: group A (2-1-1 primary group, n = 49), group B (primary 5-needle group, n = 23), group C (2-1-1 multiple crop group, n = 24) and D group (5-needle multiple crop group, n = 13). The positive rates of serum rabies antibody in each group were detected on the first day of inoculation, and on the 7th, 21st and 45th day of inoculation respectively. Results There was no significant difference in the positive rate of antibody between the rabies vaccine 5-acupuncture and 2-1-1 on the first, seventh, 21st and 45th days (P> 0.05). On the 45th day, there was no significant difference in the positive rate between the first group and the second group (P> 0.05), but there was significant difference between the first day and the seventh day and the 21st day (P <0.05) ). Conclusion Rabies vaccine 5-acupuncture and 2-1-1 vaccination programs have similar immunization effects, and those with multiple vaccination can achieve positive anti-rabies antibody in early (day 7).