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目的了解北京市东城区公共场所集中空调通风系统的污染状况,为公共场所卫生监督管理提供依据。方法2014年随机抽取监测北京市东城区20家公共场所集中空调通风系统,按照卫生部《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(WS 394—2012)进行采样、检测和评价。结果 2014年北京市东城区公共场所集中空调通风系统合格率为80.8%,送风中可吸入颗粒物的合格率为73.3%,积尘细菌总数、积尘真菌总数合格率分别为80.0%、83.3%,积尘量合格率为86.7%;不同类型的公共场所集中空调通风系统均有污染,其中星级宾馆的合格率最高,餐饮单位的合格率最低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.82,P<0.05)。结论北京市东城区公共场所集中空调通风系统对室内空气存在污染。建议加强公共场所集中空调通风系统的监管,提高室内空气质量。
Objective To understand the pollution status of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and to provide basis for health supervision and management in public places. Methods A total of 20 central air-conditioning and ventilation systems in Dongcheng District of Beijing were sampled and monitored in 2014 and sampled, tested and evaluated in accordance with the Ministry of Health’s “Code of Hygienic Practice for Central Ventilation and Ventilation Systems in Public Places” (WS 394-2012). Results The qualified rate of central air-conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Dongcheng District of Beijing was 80.8% in 2014 and the pass rate of inhalable particles in air supply was 73.3%. The total number of dust-collecting bacteria and total dust-accumulated fungi were 80.0% and 83.3% , And the passing rate of dust accumulation was 86.7%. The centralized air-conditioning and ventilation systems in different types of public places were polluted, of which the star-rated hotels had the highest pass rate and the lowest pass rate of catering units with statistical significance (χ2 = 16.82, P <0.05). Conclusion The centralized air-conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Dongcheng District of Beijing may pollute the indoor air. It is suggested to strengthen the regulation of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places and improve the indoor air quality.