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目的调查某丙烯酰胺生产车间工人接触丙烯酰胺情况,探讨丙烯酰胺接触对工人健康的影响。方法用吸收管法、羟胺—三氯化铁比色法分别采样、检测生产车间的丙烯酰胺浓度,同时选取109名接触丙烯酰胺的工人为接触组,以不接触丙烯酰胺的104名工人为对照组,进行职业流行病学调查,相关数据采用SPSS 17.0软件包进行统计学处理。结果对丙烯酰胺生产车间的5个生产点进行浓度检测,检测结果为0.15~0.28 mg/m3,均低于国家职业卫生标准(GBZ 2.1-2007)规定的时间加权平均容许浓度0.3 mg/m3。丙烯酰胺接触组胸闷、膝关节肿痛、手足脱屑、反应迟钝、精细动作减退、持物不牢和其他(狂躁、幻觉)自觉症状的发生率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。神经系统症状的发生率在两者间比较,接触组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=3.743,P<0.05)。接触丙烯酰胺的人群发生神经系统症状和一般性症状的风险分别是对照组人群的2.213倍和1.216倍。结论在目前丙烯酰胺浓度未超标的生产条件下,皮肤接触可能是其主要接触途径,且仍会对工人造成健康危害。
Objective To investigate the acrylamide exposure of workers in a workshop of acrylamide to investigate the impact of acrylamide exposure on workers’ health. Methods The concentration of acrylamide in the workshop was sampled by absorption tube method and hydroxylamine-ferric chloride colorimetric method respectively. Meanwhile, 109 workers exposed to acrylamide were selected as the exposure group and 104 workers without exposure to acrylamide as control Group, occupational epidemiological survey, the relevant data using SPSS 17.0 software package for statistical analysis. Results The concentration of five production sites in the acrylamide production workshop was tested. The test results were 0.15-0.28 mg / m3, which were lower than the time-weighted average allowable concentration of 0.3 mg / m3 according to the national occupational health standard (GBZ 2.1-2007). Acrosamide contact group chest tightness, knee pain, hand and foot desquamation, unresponsiveness, subdued movements, immobility and other (manic, hallucinations) symptoms higher than the incidence of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of neurological symptoms was compared between the two groups, the contact group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3.743, P <0.05). People exposed to acrylamide have a 2.213-fold and 1.216-fold greater risk of developing neurological symptoms and general symptoms, respectively, in the control group. Conclusions Skin contact may be the primary route of exposure under current production conditions where acrylamide concentrations are not exceeded and may still pose a health hazard to workers.