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目的:探讨脐带绕颈对儿童智力发育的影响。利用Gesell和中国-韦氏智力量表对100例脐带绕颈儿童进行智力测评,了解脐带绕颈对儿童智力的损伤程度,提示有脐带绕颈病史的患儿家长及早进行康复训练,减少智力残疾的发生。方法:选择足月出生、体重正常、除外遗传和代谢性疾病、父母非近亲结婚、母孕期正常、没有服药史、生产过程顺利的单纯脐带绕颈儿童100例进行智力测查,对结果t检验和方差分析。结果:脐带绕颈男女比例为3.16∶1,脐带绕颈可引起儿童不同程度的智力损害,以轻度和中度智力缺陷为主。脐带绕颈影响发育商和智商(P<0.001),两者差异有统计学意义,脐带绕颈的周数越多,其DQ和IQ的值越低,表明智力损害越重。结论:脐带绕颈是引起儿童智力低下的原因之一,目前重视程度不够,应加强健康教育,对有脐带绕颈病史的儿童加强早期训练和指导,减少智残的发生。
Objective: To investigate the effect of umbilical cord around the neck on children’s mental development. Using the Gesell and China-Wechsler Intelligence Scale to evaluate the intelligence of 100 children with umbilical cord around the neck to understand the degree of damage to children’s intelligence around the neck of the umbilical cord. It suggests that parents with umbilical cord around neck have early rehabilitation training and reduce mental retardation happened. Methods: 100 cases of simple umbilical cord around the neck were selected for intelligence test by full-term birth, normal body weight, except genetic and metabolic diseases, non-kinship marriages of parents, normal pregnancy, no medication history, and t-test And analysis of variance. Results: The male to female ratio of the umbilical cord around the neck was 3.16: 1. The umbilical cord around the neck caused different degrees of intellectual impairment in children, with mild and moderate mental retardation. The umbilical cord around the neck affected the developers and IQ (P <0.001). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The more the umbilical cord around the neck, the lower the values of DQ and IQ, indicating the heavier the mental damage. Conclusion: The umbilical cord around the neck is one of the causes of mental retardation in children. At present, there is not enough emphasis on health education. Health education should be strengthened. Early training and guidance should be provided to children with umbilical cord neck history to reduce their mental retardation.