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目的了解新疆高血压患病情况以及相关危险因素的流行情况,为制定新疆慢病防控政策提供科学依据。方法于2014年3-5月,通过多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对抽中的乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区、阿克苏地区库车县、哈密地区哈密市以及阿勒泰地区富蕴县共4个县(区)的9 787名18岁及以上常住居民(居住满6个月以上)进行问卷调查。内容包括居民一般情况、高血压患病及相关危险因素和体育锻炼情况。用SPSS 13.0软件采用χ2检验进行统计分析。结果新疆4个县(区)居民高血压患病率为20.45%,自身知晓率为59.10%,高血压患者现在吸烟率为15.5%,低于非高血压人群(18.8%),戒烟率为5.6%,高于非高血压人群(2.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=68.01,P<0.01);高血压患者现在饮酒率(13.3%)低于非高血压人群(14.8%),已戒酒率(4.5%)高于非高血压人群(2.6%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.81,P<0.01);体育锻炼率为37.6%,高于非高血压人群(22.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=205.83,P<0.01)。超重率和肥胖率在高血压患者中分别为63.6%和33.3%,均高于非高血压人群(分别为40.2%和8.6%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论新疆4个县(区)高血压患者健康相关行为接受程度较高,但高血压病相关危险因素的流行情况仍然比较严重,要控制高血压,就要从危险因素入手,加大健康生活方式的宣传力度,降低危险因素流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors in Xinjiang and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control policy of chronic diseases in Xinjiang. Methods From March to May in 2014, the authors conducted a series of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling methods in four districts (Shuimogou District of Urumqi, Kuqa County of Aksu Prefecture, Hami Municipality of Hami Prefecture and Fuyun County of Altay Prefecture District) of 9,787 permanent residents aged 18 and over (who lived for more than 6 months) conducted a survey. It includes the general situation of residents, the prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors and physical activity. SPSS 13.0 software using χ2 test for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension among residents in 4 counties in Xinjiang was 20.45%, self-awareness rate was 59.10%, prevalence of smoking in hypertension was 15.5%, lower than that in non-hypertensive population (18.8%), smoking cessation rate was 5.6 %, Higher than non-hypertensive population (2.3%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 68.01, P <0.01); the current alcohol consumption rate in hypertensive patients (13.3%) was lower than that in non-hypertensive patients The rate of abstinence (4.5%) was higher than that of non-hypertensive (2.6%) (χ2 = 18.81, P <0.01). The rate of physical exercise was 37.6%, higher than that of non-hypertensive population (22.0% , The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 205.83, P <0.01). The rates of overweight and obesity in hypertensive patients were 63.6% and 33.3%, respectively, which were higher than those in non-hypertensive patients (40.2% and 8.6% respectively). The differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of health-related behaviors among hypertension patients in 4 counties (districts) in Xinjiang is relatively high, but the prevalence of hypertension-related risk factors is still serious. To control hypertension, we must start with risk factors and increase the healthy life style The publicity efforts to reduce the prevalence of risk factors.