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水文地质学最初是由地质学及水文学相结合而形成的一门学科，它基本上采用地质学的研究方法。从本世纪７０年代中期开始，研究地下水的水文地质学已逐渐变为研究地下水圈的学科。地下水圈是指地壳内部的统一的含水系统，它包含有相互作用的不同状态和形式的Ｈ２Ｏ。近年来，一些新理论的引入，拓宽了原有水文地质学的概念，使之从对现象的研究转向为对过程及其规律的研究。水文地质学传统的和新的问题应在适当的工程标准上予以解决，同时应重视其生态效应。水是地球内部具有高度流动性的物质，因此，人类活动对岩石圈的影响将首先导致水文地质条件的变化，并进而引起地下水圈的污染、水的枯竭及自然条件的恶化。文章主要论述生态水文地质学研究的目的、原则及生态水文地质系统的体系。生态水文地质学研究的目的是提出管理地下水圈体系及其质量状态的方法。
Hydrogeology was originally a discipline formed by the combination of geology and hydrology. It basically uses the method of geology. Since the mid-1970s, the research on hydrogeology of groundwater has gradually become a discipline that studies the groundwater circle. Groundwater circle refers to the unified water system inside the crust, which contains different states and forms of interaction H2O. In recent years, the introduction of some new theories has broadened the original concept of hydrogeology and shifted it from the study of phenomena to the study of processes and their laws. Traditional and new issues of hydrogeology should be addressed on appropriate engineering standards, with emphasis on their ecological effects. Water is a highly fluid material within the Earth. Therefore, the impact of human activities on the lithosphere will first lead to changes in hydrogeological conditions, which in turn will lead to contamination of the groundwater ring, depletion of water and deterioration of natural conditions. The article mainly discusses the purpose and principle of eco-hydrogeology research and the system of eco-hydrogeology system. The purpose of eco-hydrogeology research is to propose ways to manage the system of groundwater circulation and its quality status.