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财产权维护人民经济自由与生活安全的功能,充分反映在今日人民经济安全日渐倚赖的社会保险给付。财产权保障理论由私法延伸至公法上社会保险给付请求权,亦使财产权保障范围由消极的防御权延伸至具有积极功能的社会参与权。社会保险给付权利人基于法规的规定,取得一个抽象、就未来发生之事故主张参与分配保险给付的请求权。在社会保险财库发生危机、必须削减时,哪些社会保险给付应受到财产权保障?此等社会财产权保障的实质内涵为何?财政危机下社会保险给付的存续保障,使释宪机关陷入国家财政平衡与人民财产权存续保障的两难。相较于德国释宪实务以给付的私利用性、自己给付与生存保障等高门槛的财产权保障标准,保守地避免涉入国家社福政策取向与资源分配的争端,台湾“大法官”解释强调社会保险制度确保人民经济安全的功能。在广泛承认社会保险给付财产权保障的前提下,进行个别法令限制给付的合宪性审查,积极发挥释宪机关作为宪法守护者应尽之职责。
The function of property rights to safeguard people’s economic freedom and life safety fully reflects the social insurance benefits to which people’s economic security is increasingly relying. The theory of property rights extends from the private law to the public law on social insurance claims, and the protection of property rights extends from negative defensive power to active participation in social participation. Based on the provisions of laws and regulations, the holders of social insurance benefits have made an abstract and claim the right to participate in the distribution of insurance benefits for future incidents. What should be the real connotation of the protection of social property rights when the crisis of the social insurance treasury should be reduced and which social insurance benefits should be protected? The survival guarantee of the social insurance payment under the financial crisis will make the constitutional authority fall into the state financial balance Dilemma of People ’s Property Right Surviving. Compared with the constitutional practice of Germany to pay for the private use of self-pay and survival protection, high threshold of property rights protection standards, conservatively avoid the involvement of the state social welfare policy orientation and resource allocation disputes, Taiwan Explain the function of the social security system to ensure people’s economic security. Under the premise of extensive recognition of the guarantee of property rights paid by social insurance, the constitutional review of the individual statutory restrictions on payment shall be conducted, and the functions of the body of constitutional release as the guardian of the constitution should be given full play.