目的:观察白三烯受体拮抗剂治疗婴儿毛细支气管炎的疗效,评价其对反复喘息的影响。方法:102例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为对照组48例,给予对症、支持、雾化吸入(普米克令舒、喘乐宁混悬液),病情严重者全身使用激素治疗等。观察组54例在常规治疗的基础上给予口服孟鲁司特,每次4mg隔日晚顿服,共用4周。对两组进行疗效比较。结果:观察组患儿喘息缓解所需时间与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01);随访半年后喘息反复发作次数与对照组比较明显减少,差异有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:口服孟鲁司特可以改善毛细支气管炎患儿肺部体征,而且可减少其喘息反复发作。 Objective: To observe the efficacy of leukotriene receptor antagonist in the treatment of infantile bronchiolitis and evaluate its effect on recurrent wheezing. Methods: A total of 102 children with bronchiolitis were randomly divided into control group (n = 48), symptomatic, supportive, nebulized inhalation (Pulmicort resp., Salbutamol suspension) and systemic hormone therapy. Observation group of 54 patients on the basis of conventional therapy to give oral montelukast, every 4mg every night Dayton clothing, shared for 4 weeks. The two groups were compared. Results: The time needed for wheezing relief in observation group was significantly different from that in control group (P <0.01). The number of repeated episodes of wheezing in observation group decreased significantly compared with that in control group after six months of follow-up (P <0.01). Conclusion: Montelukast can improve pulmonary signs in children with bronchiolitis, and can reduce the recurrence of wheezing.